Internal-combustion engine



Jan. 30, i923, 3,443,517

` R. E. ACRE.

INTERNAL CoMBusT'ioN ENGINE.

FILED MAR. 4. 1920. v E

Fatented `ian. 30, i923,

tra sarna RAY E. ACRE, 0F VHEATON, ILLINIS, ASSIGNOR TO UNIVERSALENGINEERING COMPANY, OF BIAYIVOD, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

INTERNALGMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed March 4, 1920. Serial No. 363,147.

To al? 1li/tom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, RAY E. Aonn, a citizen or the United States,residing at iliUatOn, in the county o :Uu Page and State oi' illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lnternal-ComhustionEngines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, toi-.minga part of this specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and particularly tothe construction of the cylinder and crank case, by means of whichseveral advantages are dcrived. My invention is particularly applicableto engines of the two cycle type. It comprises Yforming the crank casewith a cylindrically shaped extension containing the intake and exhaustpassages, forming the cylinder so as to extend downwardly into thiscylindrical portion of the crank case and providing ports through thecylinder, registering with the passageways in the cylindrical portion ofthe crank case.

By the foregoing construction I am able accurately to machine both theinside and outside of the lower portion ot the cylinder casting so thatthe metal will be of uniform thickness, and tree from unsymmetricalproject-ions, whereby distortion in expansion is obviated. A furtherresult of this construction is that the exhaust pipe may be permanentlyattached to the crank case casting, thus permitting the cylinder to beremoved 'For the removal of carbon without the necessity ofdisconnecting the exhaust pipe. Another object of this construction isthat the intake and exhaust ports through the cylinder wall may bemachined from the outside, thus providing an easier and more accuratemethod of location and machining than when the operation is performedfrom within. Another advantage in this construction resides in the factthat the inta-ke port may be cast as a mere bulge in the crank casehousing, and therefore does not require a separate core, with theconsequential loss of castings through core slippage, breakage and thelike. Another advantage arising from the use ot my invention is that theheat imparted to the metal through the exhaust gases is prevented fromoverheating one side of the cylinder proper, by the fact that theexhaust passage is in a casting separated by a slight gap from thecylinder casting, thus minimizing distortion or the cylinder throughvariations in loca-l temperatures.

My invention is illustrated in the accom panying drawing in which-Figure 1 is a section through the cylinder and a portion of the crankcase;

Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3'is a section taken on the line 3 3 of Figure l. Referring tothe' drawing, the crank case is provided with an upwardly extendingportion 4:, cast integrally with the crank case and machinedcylindrically, to receive the skirt of the "cylinder 5. lThey upperportion oic the cylinder 5 is provided with cooling tins 6 and with aflange 7 adapted to be clamped upon the co-acting iange 8 of the crankcase extension 4:, by means of two bolts, one of which is shown indotted lines at 9. A lead or copper packing washer 10 is preterablyclamped between the flanges ot the cylinder and crank case extension toprevent leakage. The skirt portion 5 of the cylinder is preferablylmachined both inside and out, so that it may be made of uniformthickness. thus preventing warping such as occurs in a heatedcylindrical body having walls of` varying thickness. Intake ports 12 andan exhaust port 13 are machined through the skirt of the cylinder, so asto register with the intake passage 14 and exhaust passage 15respectively. The intake passage 14 is not, as is customary, cast as atubular portion of the cylinder, but may be cast merely as a bulge uponthe cylindrical portion of the crank case extension.

The interiors of the cylinders of internal combustion engines becomecoated with carbon in use, and it occasionally becomes necessary toremove the cylinders for the purpose ot' removing this coating ofcarbon, By my construction the cylinder may be entirely removed withoutdisturbing the connection oi" the exhaust pipe, which ordinarily must beremoved when cylinders of the type heretofore in use are removed fromthe crank case.

Although my invention is illustrated as embodied in a specificstructure, it may be applied to other structures without departing :tromthe spirit or scope of my invention.

7What I claim is:

l. In an internal combustion engine, a crank casing having a projectionthereon containing intake and exhaust passages, a cylinder' adapted totit -within said projection and having a skirt forming one wall of theintake passage and having ports registering with the upper partof theintake passage and with the exhaust passage.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination With a crank casehousing heving a cylindrical cylinder supporting er;- tension7 acylinder carried by said entension having a skirt ln'ojecting within thecrank case extension, the crank rase extension being internally bored to`lit eloselgv about the external cjvlindrinal surface of the cylinderskirt: said crank ease extension having a bulged portion providing anintake passage7 said skirt having an opening` registering With the upperportion of said intake passage.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with. a. cylinderhaving intake and exhaust ports in position to he uncovered at the endof the out stroke of the piston, a iiange around the outside ot saidcylinder, located above the line of said ports.y a portion of said cvlinder extending below said ports, a crank case having flangeregistering with the flange of said Cylinder, and having an intakepassa-ge `vith which the intake port of said cylinder registers.y andhaving an exhaust passage *with which the exhaust port of said cylinderregisterea andl means to claing the tlange o'iE said cylinder onto theiiange said crank ease.

il. In an internai combustion engine, a cylinder having intake andexhaust portsa crank casing, the crank casing havian integral cylindersupporting efieiision into which the cylinder projects, the crank easingextension having intake and exhaust passages formed therein, vrhich withthe intake and exhaust ports respectively.

5. In an internai Combustion engine, a c viinder having an intake port.la crank casing having` an integral cylinder supporting extension adaptedto receive the c vlinder, the extension having a bulged portionproviding an intake passage opening directif;v into the intake port.

In Witness v'hereoii, I hereunto sulfisrribe my naine this 52nd dav ofhlarcln lQQ.

RAY E. ACRE.

/Vitnesses z Emu 7. GUSTAFsoN, VIRENE T. RAsMUssnN.

